Hydrocortisone yog luv luv - ua glucocorticoid nrog kev siv dav dav hauv kev kho mob, thiab nws kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj hormones tseem ceeb uas tau tso tawm los ntawm tib neeg adrenal cortex. Piv nrog rau cov tshuaj hormones hluavtaws, nws muaj cov tshuaj pharmacological hauv nruab nrab thiab kev hloov pauv siab. Nws tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog simulate lub cev cov tshuaj hormones los tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, tab sis kuj tseem siv cov tshuaj pharmacological xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv - mob, tiv thaiv- tsis haum thiab tiv thaiv - cuam tshuam los ntawm exogenous supplementation. Ua tsaug rau nws qhov tshwj xeeb pharmacological zoo, hydrocortisone tau siv dav hauv ntau lub tuam tsev xws li tshuaj sab hauv, phais, dermatology thiab tshuaj kho mob xwm txheej ceev. Nws yog ib qho tshuaj tseem ceeb rau kev tswj xyuas kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam mob hnyav nrog rau kev mob ntev thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob - cov kab mob sib kis. Kab lus no piav qhia txog nws cov kev kho mob tshwj xeeb, thiab saib xyuas nws cov nqi tshuaj los ntawm kev sib txuas cov xwm txheej thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj.
I. Hloov Kho: Kho Adrenocortical Dysfunction
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab thawj daim ntawv thov ntawm hydrocortisone nyob hauvadrenocortical hloov kho. Nws yog thawj - kab tshuaj rau cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj hormones endogenous tsis txaus. Hydrocortisone secreted los ntawm tib neeg adrenal cortex koom nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm carbohydrate, protein, rog metabolism thiab dej- ntsev tshuav. Lub caj pas ua haujlwm tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam tshwm sim nrog rau cov kab mob metabolic, txo kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab qaug zog.
Clinically, nws yog feem ntau qhia rau thawj thiab theem nrab adrenocortical insufficiency, nrog rau mob ntev adrenocortical tsis ua hauj lwm, hloov cov tshuaj hormones tom qab adrenalectomy, thiab cov tshuaj hormone deficiency induced los ntawm hypopituitarism. Lub caij no, kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm hydrocortisone ua haujlwm ua ib qho kev ntsuas tseem ceeb rau lub neej - hem cov teebmeem ntawm adrenal. Nws them nyiaj sai sai rau qhov tsis muaj cov tshuaj hormones hauv vivo, kho cov tsos mob tseem ceeb xws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm electrolyte, vau thiab poob siab, thiab ua kom cov neeg mob cov cim tseem ceeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntev -lub sij hawm qis- koob tshuaj hydrocortisone kev tswj hwm rau congenital adrenal hyperplasia suppresses txawv txav cov tshuaj hormones, tswj cov metabolic homeostasis thiab txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov neeg mob.
II. Anti-Tshuaj Kho Mob: Kho Kab Mob Kab Mob Kab Mob
Muaj peev xwm tseem tsis tau muaj zog los tiv thaiv- kev ua ub no sawv cev rau cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm hydrocortisone. Nws inhibits tag nrho cov cascade ntawm inflammatory teb nyob rau hauv lub cev, relieves o -induced erythema, exudation, hyperplasia thiab nqaij raug mob, thiab muaj feem xyuam rau inflammatory kab mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Piv nrog rau ntev - ua yeeb yam glucocorticoids, hydrocortisone ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsawg dua, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau lub sijhawm ntev - tswj kev mob niaj hnub thiab tswj cov mob hnyav.
Hauv kev kho mob rheumatology thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob, nws yog siv rau autoimmune inflammatorys xws li mob caj dab rheumatoid, kab mob lupus erythematosus thiab rheumatic myocarditis, sai alleviating pob qij txha o - mob thiab kab mob inflammatory puas tsuaj rau halt kab mob. Rau kev ua pa tsis zoo, nws muab kev kho mob rau cov mob ntsws asthma hnyav thiab mob ntsws asthmatic los ntawm kev txo cov congestion thiab edema ntawm cov hlab ntsws mucosa, tshem tawm cov hlab ntsws spasm thiab txhim kho dyspnea. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau cov kab mob hnyav thiab kab mob xws li mob ntsws loj thiab mob peritonitis, ua ke kev tswj hwm nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txaus - cov kab mob txo qis inflammatory exudation, tiv thaiv cov ntaub so ntswg adhesion thiab attenuates lub cev puas tsuaj los ntawm o.
III. Kev tiv thaiv -kev tsis haum thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob: Kev tswj cov kab mob ua xua
Hydrocortisone inhibits lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis txaus ntseeg, txo qis kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tsis haum tshuaj thiab txo qis cov ntaub so ntswg reactivity rau allergens. Nws yog ib tus neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb rau kev tswj xyuas cov kev ua xua loj heev. Rau cov tsos mob ua xua hnyav heev uas tswj tsis tau los ntawm cov pa tshuaj tiv thaiv - cov tshuaj ua xua, hydrocortisone ua sai sai los tiv thaiv kev ua xua.
Clinically, nws yog ua hauj lwm los kho cov tshuaj loj heev hypersensitivity, hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, mob urticaria, allergic dermatitis thiab lwm yam mob. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau anaphylactic shock, intravenous hydrocortisone tswj raws li lub hauv paus ntawm epinephrine resuscitation sustains kho cov teebmeem, tiv thaiv rov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj, thiab relieves lub neej- hem kev nthuav qhia nrog rau laryngeal edema, hypotension thiab hloov lub hlwb. Ntxiv mus, rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob - kho mob xws li autoimmune hemolysis thiab tiv thaiv kab mob thrombocytopenic purpura, hydrocortisone inhibits dysregulated lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab txo qis cell cell puas tsuaj kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kho.
IV. Kev tiv thaiv -kev poob siab thiab Kev Pabcuam Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev: Txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Critically- Cov Neeg Mob
Hydrocortisone siv zog tiv thaiv- cuam tshuam los ntawm kev txhim kho microcirculation, txhim kho myocardial contractility, stabilizing cell membranes thiab txo cov nqaij edema. Nws yog qhia rau kev kho kom rov zoo ntawm ntau hom kev poob siab thiab qib ntawm cov tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv cov chaw kho mob xwm txheej ceev. Cov kev poob siab uas siv tau suav nrog kev kis mob - mob toxic shock, anaphylactic shock, traumatic shock thiab hemorrhagic shock.
Hauv kev tswj kev kis tus kab mob -kev poob siab, hydrocortisone inhibits cov lus teb inflammatory ntau dhau los ntawm endotoxins, kho microcirculatory cuam tshuam, nce ntshav siab thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntau yam - lub cev tsis ua haujlwm. Rau kev poob siab thib ob rau kev raug mob hnyav thiab hemorrhage loj, nws txo qis kev ntxhov siab- cuam tshuam txog kev raug mob thiab ruaj khov ib puag ncig sab hauv, yuav lub sijhawm rau cov kev cuam tshuam zoo xws li cov kua dej resuscitation thiab hemostasis. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam los ntawm cerebral edema thiab intracranial hypertension, hydrocortisone txo cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub hlwb, txo qis intracranial siab, tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab cawm cov neeg mob txoj sia.
V. Topical Administration: Kev kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab mucosa
Sib nrug los ntawm cov txheej txheem systemic,hydrocortisonecream thiab tshuaj pleev yog dav siv nyob rau hauv dermatology. Nrog rau hauv zos los tiv thaiv -inflammatory, antipruritic thiab anti- allergic zog, lawv kho ntau yam kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog tsawg kawg nkaus tsis zoo tshwm sim thiab txaus siab rau kev ruaj ntseg profiles.
Lawv tsuas yog siv rau cov kab mob dermatoses xws li kev ua xua dermatitis, eczema, neurodermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis thiab kab - tom dermatitis, sai sai tshem tawm pruritus, erythema, papules thiab exudation. Lawv tuaj yeem siv rau kev mob me me thiab kev tsis haum tshuaj ntawm cov mucous membranes xws li vulvar thiab perianal cheeb tsam kom ameliorate qhov tsis xis nyob hauv zos. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov tshuaj pleev yuav tsum tau siv raws li tus qauv; ntev - daim ntawv thov ntev thiab dav yuav tsum raug zam kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam me me xws li tawv nqaij atrophy thiab pigmentation.
VI. Summary and Medicine Principles
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov kev kho mob ntawm hydrocortisone npog tsib lub ntsiab tseem ceeb: kev hloov tshuaj hormones, tiv thaiv -mob, tiv thaiv- tsis haum, tiv thaiv- poob siab thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau glucocorticoid kis mob me me - kev tswj tus mob rau qhov tseem ceeb - mob resuscitation. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tshuaj noj uas muaj tseeb contraindications thiab cov teebmeem tsis zoo. Ntev -lub sij hawm los yog kev tswj hwm ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau mob pob txha, hyperglycemia, mob plab hnyuv thiab lwm yam teeb meem. Yog li, daim ntawv thov kev kho mob yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia kho mob nruj me ntsis. Kev noj tshuaj thiab kev kho mob yuav tsum tau hloov kho raws li kab mob thiab qhov hnyav. Cov tshuaj dig muag yuav tsum raug txwv tsis pub siv los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws thaum muaj kev ruaj ntseg tshuaj.
